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# Vi Notes                                                               #
# Anuradha Weeraman, 23 November 2003                                    #
# Note: This document is based on Vim by Bram Moolenaar                  #
# $Id: vi-notes.txt,v 1.1 2004/06/02 21:17:54 anuradha Exp $             #
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--- Count words
To count words in a document,
	g <CTRL-G)
You can also do this to a selected block of text.
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--- Man pages
When editing shell scripts you can fire up the man page for a command easily
by going over to the command and typing
	K
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--- Recording
To do recording, in command mode, press 'qX' where X is a number or character
indicating the particular sequence. Then perform some task and press 'q' again
to stop recording. The sequence would have been saved in the 'X' buffer. To
run it, say '@X'.

To edit all files containing the word 'semaphore' :
	vim `grep -l semaphore *`
Which you can navigate by :first and :next.

Vim has a built-in command to do the same thing :
	:grep semaphore *
This will load the first occurence and position the cursor on the first
occurence. To iterate through the results use :clist, :cnext and :cprev.
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--- Windows
To maximize a split window :
	<CTRL-W> _
To redistribute split windows evenly :
	<CTRL-W> =

To increase the current split window by 1 row :
	<CTRL-W> +
5 rows...
	5 <CTRL-W> +

To decrease the current split window by 1 row :
	<CTRL-W> -
5 rows...
	5 <CTRL-W> -
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--- Sourced scripts
To find out the scripts that have already been sourced by vi :
	:scriptnames
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--- EasyVIM
Vim also comes in a supposedly easy-to-use form called 'evim'.
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--- Explorer plugin
To use the File Explorer plugin :
	:Explore
To open the explorer in a new split window :
	:Sexplore
You can see if the plugin has already been loaded by saying :
	:scriptnames
If otherwise you can load it by :
	:runtime plugin/*.vim
This will load all the plugins in the plugin directories in the 'runtimepath'.
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--- Vertical diffs
Files can be split vertically by :
	:vnew	# starts a new document in a vertically split window
	:vsplit
	:vertical

Shortcuts
	New : <CTRL-W> v
	Resize : 	<CTRL-W> <, <CTRL-W> > (horizontally)
			<CTRL-W> +, <CTRL-W> - (vertically)
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--- Suspend
To suspend Vim, in command mode :
	<CTRL-Z>
or
	:stop[!]
or 
	:supend[!]
The exclamation prevents dirty buffers from being written to disk if the
'autowrite' option is set.
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--- Sessions
To save a snapshot of what you are working right now to be restored later :
	:mksession	# defaults to Session.vim
	:mksession SESSION-FILE-NAME
(See also :mkvimrc)
To restore it :
	vim -S SESSION-FILE-NAME
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--- Viminfo
The viminfo file contains the following information :
	- The command line history.
	- The search string history.
	- The input-line history.
	- Contents of registers.
	- Marks for several files.
	- Contents of registers.
	- Marks for several files.
	- File marks, pointing to locations in files.
	- Last search/substitute pattern (for 'n' and '&').
	- The buffer list.
	- Global variables.
Its usually $HOME/.viminfo.

Viminfo is slightly different to Session files in that it isn't focused on a
particular set of files. Sessions and Viminfo can be used to customize your
Vim work environment.

To load a particular Viminfo file :
	:rviminfo! ~/.my_viminfo
The ! makes sure that any marks, registers, etc that have already been set is
overwritten.

To write a Viminfo file :
	:wviminfo! ~/.my_viminfo
If the ! is not specified, the new information is merged with the existing old
information.

These commands can be shortened to :rv and :wv respectively.
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--- Map
To map a special key (such as function keys) to a particular action :
	:map <F2> GoDate: <Esc>:read !date<CR>kJ

You can also define mappings for other modes, such as Input mode :
	:imap <F2> <CR>Date: <Esc>:read !date<CR>kJ

Here is an overview of map commands and in which mode they work:
	:map            Normal, Visual and Operator-pending
	:vmap           Visual
	:nmap           Normal
	:omap           Operator-pending
	:map!           Insert and Command-line
	:imap           Insert
	:map!           Insert and Command-line
	:imap           Insert
	:cmap           Command-line

Operator-pending mode is when you typed an operator character, such as "d" or
"y", and you are expected to type the motion command or a text object.  Thus
when you type "dw", the "w" is entered in operator-pending mode.
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--- C Editing
w e b		: to navigate the code
{ }		: to jump from paragraph to paragraph
[[ ]]		: take you backwards and forwards in functions
[]		: end of previous function
][		: end of next function
%		: jump to the corresponding brace
CTRL-]		: jump to a function once tags are created
CTRL-T		: jump to the previous tag

*note*		: to make ctags
	  	  ctags *.c
	 	  ctags -R *.c
	   	  ctags-exuberant -R

m<key>		: mark a position
'<key>		: goto position

CTRL-P		: search backwards for autocompletion
CTRL-N		: search forward for autocompletion
CTRL-X CTRL-F	: autocomplete filenames. eg. header files

:set dictionary=file
CTRL-X CTRL-K	: autocomplete from dictionary file

:set textwidth=80
:set wrapwidth=60
:set cindent	: automatically indent c code as you type

vim file1 file2 file3
:n		: next file
:e#		: previous file
:split filename	: open file in a split window
:e filename	: open a file concurrently
CTRL-W CTRL-W	: jump between split windows

vim -q errorfile: open and position cursor on error
:make		: compiles program and position cursor on error
:set makeprg=cc\ foo.c
		: if you are just compiling a single program
:cn		: goto the next error
:cN		: goto previous error
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